リンク集 RSS/ATOM 記事

タイトル: Transport kinetics of protium and deuterium in titanium: Experiments and modeling著者: Yamazaki, Jun; Kobayashi, Chihiro; Nishi, Kengo; Tanabe, Katsuaki抄録: We conducted absorption experiments on Ti using hydrogen isotopes, protium and deuterium, to gain insights into the kinetics of hydrogen atoms, particularly across the Ti surface. Rather than relying on various surface pretreatments, we identified the initial temperature of Ti in vacuum as the determining factor in achieving a high absorption rate and content. Specifically, we found that the initial Ti temperatures of approximately 900 and 980 °C are optimal for protium and deuterium, respectively, likely due to sufficient removal of the native surface oxide on Ti. The dependence of the absorption rate and amount of hydrogen isotopes on the temperature during absorption was partially explained by the phase transformation and exothermicity of the hydrogenation reaction. Moreover, this dependence strongly indicate ...

タイトル: Long-term outcomes of stimulated salivary flow and xerostomia after definitive intensity-modulated radiation therapy for patients with head and neck cancer著者: Hiraoka, Shinya; Yoshimura, Michio; Nakajima, Aya; Nakashima, Ryota; Mizowaki, Takashi抄録: This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the time to recovery from xerostomia and analyze its predictors, along with long-term outcomes of stimulated salivary flow after intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for head and neck cancer (HNC). We evaluated patients with HNC who had received IMRT with curative intent between 2012 and 2018 at our institution. The salivary recovery ratio (SRR) was defined as ‘(the stimulated salivary flow)/(pre-treatment salivary flow)’. The cutoff value of SRR in salivary recovery was estimated via the relationship between SRR and xerostomia grades. The salivary recovery time was defined as the time for SRR to exceed cutoff values from the end of radiotherapy. Fifty-seven patient ...

タイトル: Dosimetric verification of four dose calculation algorithms for spine stereotactic body radiotherapy著者: Hirashima, Hideaki; Nakamura, Mitsuhiro; Nakamura, Kiyonao; Matsuo, Yukinori; Mizowaki, Takashi抄録: The applications of Type B [anisotropic analytical algorithm (AAA) and collapsed cone (CC)] and Type C [Acuros XB (AXB) and photon Monte Carlo (PMC)] dose calculation algorithms in spine stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) were evaluated. Water- and bone-equivalent phantoms were combined to evaluate the percentage depth dose and dose profile. Subsequently, 48 consecutive patients with clinical spine SBRT plans were evaluated. All treatment plans were created using AXB in Eclipse. The prescription dose was 24 Gy in two fractions at a 10 MV FFF on TrueBeam. The doses were then recalculated with AAA, CC and PMC while maintaining the AXB-calculated monitor units and beam arrangement. The dose index values obtained using the four dose calculation algorithms were then ...

タイトル: Evaluation of prescribing patterns of switching to and add-on lemborexant in patients treated with hypnotic medication: a nationwide claims database study in Japan著者: Tanaka-Mizuno, Sachiko; Fujimoto, Kenichi; Mishima, Kazuo; Sakata, Yukinori; Fukasawa, Toshiki; Mizuno, Kayoko; Yoshida, Satomi; Ishii, Mika; Taninaga, Takehiro; Kubota, Naoki; Moline, Margaret; Kawakami, Koji抄録: Background: When considering changing hypnotic pharmacotherapy, lemborexant has attracted attention as a candidate due to its effectiveness and safety profile. However, few studies have investigated switching patterns in clinical practice. Research design and methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using a nationwide claims database. Patients prescribed a single hypnotic who either subsequently switched to (switching cohort) or were additionally prescribed (add-on cohort) lemborexant between July 2020 and December 2021 were identified. Proportion of successful switching was define ...

タイトル: Reproductive Responses to Increased Shoot Density and Global Change Drivers in a Widespread Clonal Wetland Species, Schoenoplectus americanus著者: Kudoh, Aoi; Megonigal, J. Patrick; Langley, J. Adam; Noyce, Genevieve L.; Sakai, Toshiyuki; Whigham, Dennis F.抄録: The expansion of many wetland species is a function of both clonal propagation and sexual reproduction. The production of ramets through clonal propagation enables plants to move and occupy space near parent ramets, while seeds produced by sexual reproduction enable species to disperse and colonize open or disturbed sites both near and far from parents. The balance between clonal propagation and sexual reproduction is known to vary with plant density but few studies have focused on reproductive allocation with density changes in response to global climate change. Schoenoplectus americanus is a widespread clonal wetland species in North America and a dominant species in Chesapeake Bay brackish tidal wetlands. L ...

タイトル: Legionnaires' Disease Outbreak in Philadelphia and the 1976 United States Presidential Election著者: Sakamoto, Ryota抄録: In the summer of 1976, prior to the United States presidential election between Gerald Ford and Jimmy Carter, an outbreak of Legionnaires' disease occurred in Philadelphia. After an epidemiological survey, 221 people with pneumonia or similar symptoms were identified, 34 of whom died. The outbreak prompted the advancement of legislation to exempt companies that produced influenza vaccines from liability for damages, resulting in significant losses for the government. The outbreak was a major economic blow to the Bellevue Stratford Hotel, an iconic historical hotel in Philadelphia, which was forced to close 16 days after the election. Following the outbreak, media coverage was extensive, and there was frustration over the inability to determine the cause of the outbreak in Philadelphia. The critical factor was that the cause of the outbreak was not ...

タイトル: Notes on the Tocharian A Lexicon著者: Pan, Tao抄録: This paper offers detailed philological investigations of Toch. A śᵤkär, kār*, sākät and yusār based on parallel texts in Sanskrit, Chinese and Old Uyghur. By uncovering several cases of loan translations, the following results have been achieved: Toch. A śᵤkär probably means “power” (= Skt. bala-, OUygh. küč, Chin. lì “id.”); Toch. A kār* means “path, ground”; Toch. A sākät means “assembled, arrived” (= Skt. saṃnipatita- “id.”); Toch. A yusār means “rainy season” (= Skt. varṣa- “id.”, OUygh. yay “summer”). The present study is inspired by and in part responds to the Dictionary and Thesaurus of Tocharian A in 2023. A preliminary list of problematic entries is provided as addendum, including Toch. A āral*, A cwal, A karṇe, A tursko or “trusko”, A pᵤkäl, A porant*, A prakte, A miṣi, A ymatu, A lokalok, A Vacramukhe, A śu and A ṣoṣ.

タイトル: Anti-aminoacyl tRNA synthetase antibodies showing the discrepancy between enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and RNA-immunoprecipitation著者: Sasai, Tsuneo; Ishikawa, Yuki; Nakashima, Ran; Isayama, Takuya; Tanizawa, Kiminobu; Handa, Tomohiro; Shirakashi, Mirei; Hiwa, Ryosuke; Tsuji, Hideaki; Kitagori, Koji; Akizuki, Shuji; Yoshifuji, Hajime; Mimori, Tsuneyo; Morinobu, Akio抄録: Anti-aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase (ARS) antibodies are myositis-specific antibodies associated with anti-synthetase syndrome (ASSD). Some patients are positive for anti-ARS antibodies on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) but negative on RNA-immunoprecipitation (RNA-IP) (the gold standard method). Whether these patients should be considered truly positive for anti-ARS antibodies remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the clinical characteristics of these patients and verified the authenticity of their anti-ARS positivity. Patients who were positive for anti-ARS antibodies on ELISA were ...

タイトル: Analytical Equivalent Circuit Extraction of Foreign Metal Objects in WPT Systems著者: Shirai, Ryo; Nakao, Goro; Hashimoto, Masanori抄録: Wireless power transfer (WPT) technologies are rapidly attracting attention because of their wide application field. Among them, inductive power transfer (IPT) technology is most promising for daily usage in households. Foreign metal detection (FMD) is indispensable for IPT applications because foreign metal heats up easily in the magnetic field generated by IPT devices and causes a dangerous situation. On the other hand, the representation of the foreign metal as an equivalent circuit model is not readily available. Therefore, we need to use finite element method (FEM)-based electromagnetic field simulators, which require massive computation time and cost. This work proposes a novel simulation method of foreign metal in the magnetic field based on theoretical analysis. We establish an equation-based theory for simulating metal piece ...

タイトル: いかに‘一緒に遊ぶ’のか: ニホンザルの取っ組み合い遊びの始まり方と終わり方著者: 壹岐, 朔巳抄録: Achieving ‘doing something together’ requires more than mere physical proximity and bidirectional behavior; interactants must construct a situation where both parties are intersubjectively engaged in a shared interactional space to achieve ‘togetherness.’ This paper summarizes how immature Japanese macaques （Macaca fuscata） achieve （and sometimes fail to achieve） ‘playing together’ by reviewing our research on the opening and closing phases of play fighting. Our research indicates （1） that the face-to-face configuration during the opening of play contributes to the establishment of intersubjective engagement, （2） that facial signals during the opening phase honestly reflect an individual's motivation to play but are not used tactically to invite reluctant or infrequent partners, and （3） that the ways in ...