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タイトル: Anoma P. van der Veere, Florian Schneider, and Catherine Yuk-ping Lo, eds. Public Health in Asia during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Global Health Governance, Migrant Labour, and International Health Crises. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2022.著者: Latif, Muhammad Asad

タイトル: Bérénice Bellina, Roger Blench, and Jean-Christophe Galipaud, eds. Sea Nomads of Southeast Asia: From the Past to the Present. Singapore: NUS Press, 2021.著者: Ariando, Wengki; Arunotai, Narumon

タイトル: Road to extinction: Archival samples unveiled the process of inbreeding depression during artificial breeding in an almost extinct butterfly species著者: Nakahama, Naoyuki; Konagaya, Tatsuro; Ueda, Shouhei; Hirai, Norio; Yago, Masaya; Yaida, Yuki A.; Ushimaru, Atushi; Isagi, Yuji抄録: During ex-situ conservation of endangered species, reproductive disruption risk due to inbreeding depression increases when genetic diversity is reduced due to founder effects or population declines. Elucidating the population genetic process of reproductive disruption will help understand the risks and mechanisms associated with inbreeding depression. A comprehensive understanding of these processes would require a comparison of reproductive traits and genetic diversity in the populations of endangered species that have experienced reproductive disruption. However, such previous studies, which focus on endangered species, are limited. Ex-situ conservation was initiated for the Ogasawara ...

タイトル: Sex chromosome cycle as a mechanism of stable sex determination著者: Hayashi, Shun; Abe, Takuya; Igawa, Takeshi; Katsura, Yukako; Kazama, Yusuke; Nozawa, Masafumi抄録: Recent advances in DNA sequencing technology have enabled the precise decoding of genomes in non-model organisms, providing a basis for unraveling the patterns and mechanisms of sex chromosome evolution. Studies of different species have yielded conflicting results regarding the traditional theory that sex chromosomes evolve from autosomes via the accumulation of deleterious mutations and degeneration of the Y (or W) chromosome. The concept of the ‘sex chromosome cycle, ’ emerging from this context, posits that at any stage of the cycle (i.e., differentiation, degeneration, or loss), sex chromosome turnover can occur while maintaining stable sex determination. Thus, understanding the mechanisms that drive both the persistence and turnover of sex chromosomes at each stage of the cycle is crucial. In ...

タイトル: 大規模言語モデルは人間の言語能力の解明に役立つのか?(後編)著者: 瀧川, 一学; 折田, 奈甫記述: ［連載］人間の言語能力とは何か--生成文法からの問い 番外編 2; 本連載第 2 回（2023 年 12 月号）の指定討論者である岡野原氏と瀧川氏は編訳者の一人である折田氏と，掲載した論考以外にメールでの議論も行った。; 前回に続き，番外編 2 としてその議論を収録する。

タイトル: Talking Like Opposition Parties? Electoral Proximity and Language Styles Employed by Coalition Partners in a Mixed Member Majoritarian System著者: Ishima, Hideo抄録: Extant literature has shown that political parties that form a coalition government face one major dilemma; that is, they must govern together but fight elections separately. Thus, coalition members tend to commit to a differentiated strategy as an election approaches. However, existing research has mainly focused on empirical findings from countries with proportional representation and few measures for direct criticism from partners. In order to test the theory, this study examines parliamentary speeches from Japan’s mixed member majoritarian context. It uses a supervised machine learning method for measuring confrontational attitudes toward governments irrespective of their ideologies. The results of this study show that on average, while a coalition partner may present a slightly hostile attitude tow ...

タイトル: 警察官による市民接触行動の規定要因とインパクトに関する縦断的研究 第一波第2段階調査 基礎集計表著者: 岡邊, 健; 佐伯, 昌彦; 松原, 英世; 宮澤, 節生

タイトル: Deep Entry of Low-Energy Ions Into Mercury's Magnetosphere: BepiColombo Mio’s Third Flyby Observations著者: Harada, Yuki; Saito, Yoshifumi; Hadid, Lina Z.; Delcourt, Dominique; Aizawa, Sae; Rojo, Mathias; André, Nicolas; Persson, Moa; Fraenz, Markus; Yokota, Shoichiro; Fedorov, Andréi; Miyake, Wataru; Penou, Emmanuel; Barthe, Alain; Sauvaud, Jean‐André; Katra, Bruno; Matsuda, Shoya; Murakami, Go抄録: Although solar wind-driven convection is expected to dominate magnetospheric circulation at Mercury, its exact pattern remains poorly characterized by observations. Here we present BepiColombo Mio observations during the third Mercury flyby indicative of convection-driven transport of low-energy dense ions into the deep magnetosphere. During the flyby, Mio observed an energy-dispersed ion population from the duskside magnetopause to the deep region of the midnight magnetosphere. A comparison of the observations with backward test particle simulations suggests that ...

タイトル: Interspecific variation in Rubisco CO₂/O₂ specificity along the leaf economic spectrum across 23 woody angiosperm plants in the Pacific islands著者: Sakata, Tsuyoshi; Matsuyama, Shin; Kawai, Kiyosada; Yasumoto, Ko; Sekikawa, Seikoh; Ishida, Atsushi抄録: The coordinated interspecific variation in leaf traits and leaf lifespan is known as the leaf economic spectrum (LES). The limitation of CO₂ diffusion to chloroplasts within the lamina is significant in C₃ photosynthesis, resulting in a shortage of CO₂ for Rubisco. Although Rubisco CO₂/O₂ specificity (Sc/o) should be adaptively adjusted in response to the interspecific variation in CO₂ concentrations [CO₂] associated with Rubisco, Sc/o variations across species along the LES remain unknown.We investigated the coordination among leaf traits, including Sc/o, CO₂ conductance, leaf protein content, and leaf mass area, across 23 woody C₃ species coexisting on an oceanic island through phylogenetic corr ...

タイトル: Comparison of the safety and cost-effectiveness of nebulized liposomal amphotericin B and amphotericin B deoxycholate for antifungal prophylaxis after lung transplantation著者: Umemura, Keisuke; Katada, Yoshiki; Nakagawa, Shunsaku; Hira, Daiki; Yutaka, Yojiro; Tanaka, Satona; Ohsumi, Akihiro; Nakajima, Daisuke; Date, Hiroshi; Nagao, Miki; Terada, Tomohiro抄録: Introduction: Fungal infection after lung transplantation can lead to poor clinical outcome, for which lung transplant recipients require prophylaxis. One of the antifungal agents used after lung transplantation is nebulized amphotericin B (AMB). Nebulized AMB causes adverse events such as dyspnea and airway irritation, and long-term use leads to high economic costs. So far, prophylactic regimens employing AMB deoxycholate (AMB-d) and liposomal AMB (L-AMB) have been developed. This study compared the efficacy, safety, and cost of AMB-d and L-AMB. Patients and methods: Patients who underwent lung transplantation ...