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タイトル: 京都大学新聞 第2413号記述: センター試験受験生応援号

タイトル: 「少数言語のナショナリズム」批判をめぐる考察: 批判の作法著者: 塚原, 信行

タイトル: Gene expression profiles of transcription factors and signaling molecules in the ascidian embryo: towards a comprehensive understanding of gene networks著者: Imai S, Kaoru; Hino, Kyosuke; Yagi, Kasumi; Satoh, Nori; Satou, Yutaka抄録: Achieving a real understanding of animal development obviously requires a comprehensive rather than partial identification of the genes working in each developmental process. Recent decoding of genome sequences will enable us to perform such studies. An ascidian, Ciona intestinalis, one of the animals whose genome has been sequenced, is a chordate sharing a basic body plan with vertebrates, although its genome contains less paralogs than are usually seen in vertebrates. In the present study, we discuss the genomewide approach to networks of developmental genes in Ciona embryos. We focus on transcription factor genes and some major groups of signal transduction genes. These genes are comprehensively listed and examined with regard to their ...

タイトル: The ascidian Mesp gene specifies heart precursor cells著者: Satou, Yutaka; Imai, Kaoru S.; Satoh, Nori抄録: Understanding the molecular basis of heart development is an important research area, because malformation of the cardiovascular system is among the most frequent inborn defects. Although recent research has identified molecules responsible for heart morphogenesis in vertebrates, the initial specification of heart progenitors has not been well characterized. Ascidians provide an appropriate experimental system for exploring this specification mechanism, because the lineage for the juvenile heart is well characterized, with B7.5 cells at the 110-cell stage giving rise to embryonic trunk ventral cells (TVCs) or the juvenile heart progenitors. Here, we show that Cs-Mesp, the sole ortholog of vertebrate Mesp genes in the ascidian Ciona savignyi, is specifically and transiently expressed in the embryonic heart progenitor cells (B7.5 cells). Cs-Mesp is essential for t ...

タイトル: A Twist-like bHLH gene is a downstream factor of an endogenous FGF and determines mesenchymal fate in the ascidian embryos著者: Imai, Kaoru S.; Satoh, Nori; Satou, Yutaka抄録: Ascidian larvae develop mesenchyme cells in their trunk. A fibroblast growth factor (FGF9/16/20) is essential and sufficient for induction of the mesenchyme in Ciona savignyi. We have identified two basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) genes named Twist-like1 and Twist-like2 as downstream factors of this FGF. These two genes are phylogenetically closely related to each other, and were expressed specifically in the mesenchymal cells after the 110-cell stage. Gene-knockdown experiments using a specific morpholino oligonucleotide demonstrated that Twist-like1 plays an essential role in determination of the mesenchyme and that Twist-like2 is a downstream factor of Twist-like1. In addition, both overexpression and misexpression of Twist-like1 converts non-mesenchymal cells to mesenchymal cells. We also demo ...