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タイトル: Evolution of Humanity著者: DeTroy, Sarah E.; Hirata, Satoshi; Nakamura, Michio; Haun, Daniel B. M.; van Leeuwen, Edwin J. C.抄録: In 1952, Kinji Imanishi wrote a thought-provoking essay on the nature of animal societies. In this essay, he applied the concept of human culture (which he referred to as Karuchua) to nonhuman animals by giving different taxa a voice in a fable-like conversation, thereby aptly transcending speciesism. While thoroughly inspiring for scholars who have mastered the Japanese language, the essay was only known to non-Japanese-speakers by its English abstract. Here, we unveil the rest of the essay for the English-speaking community. Furthermore, to contextualize the seminal text, we asked contemporary scholars working in the field of (animal) culture to comment on the essay in a conversational manner akin to the structure of the essay itself. To guide this conversation, we asked the scholars to answer the questions: “What was your first impress ...

タイトル: 安部公房「大きな砂ふるい」とストリンドベリ著者: 佐々木, 幸喜記述: 本稿は、日本近代文学会二〇二〇年度秋季大会（二〇二〇年一〇月二五日、オンライン）での口頭発表「安部公房「大きな砂ふるい」とストリンドベリ」をもとに修正加筆したものである。

タイトル: 令和五年度京都大学国文学会研究発表要旨

タイトル: 医学用語集における外来語の表記・語形のゆれについて著者: 西嶋, 佑太郎記述: 本稿は、二〇二三年二月一二日に行われた語彙研究会第一一四回例会での口頭発表原稿に加筆修正を施したものである。

タイトル: Functional diversity enhances dryland forest productivity under long-term climate change著者: Hisano, Masumi; Ghazoul, Jaboury; Chen, Xinli; Chen, Y. H. Han抄録: Short-term experimental studies provided evidence that plant diversity increases ecosystem resilience and resistance to drought events, suggesting diversity to serve as a nature-based solution to address climate change. However, it remains unclear whether the effects of diversity are momentary or still hold over the long term in natural forests to ensure that the sustainability of carbon sinks. By analyzing 57 years of inventory data from dryland forests in Canada, we show that productivity of dryland forests decreased at an average rate of 1.3% per decade, in concert with the temporally increasing temperature and decreasing water availability. Increasing functional trait diversity from its minimum (monocultures) to maximum value increased productivity by 13%. Our results demonstrate the potential role of tre ...

タイトル: Synchronized Expansion and Contraction of Olfactory, Vomeronasal, and Taste Receptor Gene Families in Hystricomorph Rodents著者: Niimura, Yoshihito; Biswa, B, Bhim; Kishida, Takushi; Toyoda, Atsushi; Fujiwara, Kazumichi; Ito, Masato; Touhara, Kazushige; Inoue-Murayama, Miho; Jenkins, H, Scott; Adenyo, Christopher; Kayang, B, Boniface; Koide, Tsuyoshi抄録: Chemical senses, including olfaction, pheromones, and taste, are crucial for the survival of most animals. There has long been a debate about whether different types of senses might influence each other. For instance, primates with a strong sense of vision are thought to have weakened olfactory abilities, although the oversimplified trade-off theory is now being questioned. It is uncertain whether such interactions between different chemical senses occur during evolution. To address this question, we examined four receptor gene families related to olfaction, pheromones, and taste: olfactory receptor (OR), vomeronasal ...

タイトル: Celestial CFT from H⁺₃-WZW Model著者: OGAWA, Naoki; TAKAHASHI, Shunta; TSUDA, Takashi; WAKI, Takahiro抄録: Recently, there has been a growing interest in celestial holography, which is holography in asymptotically flat spacetimes. This holographic duality exhibits numerous mysterious and fruitful features, particularly on the dual CFT side. In this paper, we present the candidate of dual CFT for Minkowski spacetime extracted from SL(2, ℂ)／SU(2)≅H⁺₃ Wess-Zumino-Witten (WZW) model, the simplest non-compact CFT. We demonstrate that it reproduces the well-known principal series and correlation functions dual to the bulk scattering amplitudes.

タイトル: On pro-p anabelian geometry for hyperbolic curves of genus 0 over p-adic fields著者: TSUJIMURA, Shota抄録: Let p be a prime number. In the present paper, we discuss the relative／absolute version of the geometrically pro-p anabelian Grothendieck Conjecture (RpGC／ApGC). In the relative setting, we prove RpGC for hyperbolic curves of genus 0 over subfields of mixed characteristic valuation fields of rank 1 of residue characteristic p whose value groups have no nontrivial p-divisible element. In particular, one may take the completion of arbitrary tame extension of a mixed characteristic Henselian discrete valuation field of residue characteristic p as a base field. In light of the condition on base fields, this result may be regarded as a partial generalization of S. Mochizuki's classical anabelian result, i.e., RpGC for arbitrary hyperbolic curves over subfields of finitely generated fields of the completion of the maximal unramified extension of ℚp. It appears to ...

タイトル: Oxygen Reaction of Nonlayered Tetrahedral KFeO₂ Positive Electrode for Potassium-Ion Battery Using an FSA-based Ionic Liquid Electrolyte著者: Jiao, Kai; Yamamoto, Takayuki; Kiuchi, Hisao; Zhao, Haochong; Nohira, Toshiyuki抄録: K-ion batteries (KIBs) that use ionic liquid (IL) electrolytes are promising candidates for post-Li-ion batteries because of the abundance of potassium resources and safety of ILs. We successfully synthesized stoichiometric KFeO₂ using a solid-state method and evaluated its charge–discharge performance as a KIB positive electrode material, with an amide-based IL electrolyte at 298 K. Transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, synchrotron soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy data showed that the bulk redox and surface oxidation of oxygen, rather than those of iron, contribute to the reversible and irreversible capacities, respectively. Capacity decay occurred upon repeated cyc ...

タイトル: Investigational regenerative medicine for non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head: a survey of registered clinical trials著者: Kuroda, Yutaka; Kawai, Toshiyuki; Okuzu, Yaichiro; Morita, Yugo; Matsuda, Shuichi抄録: Introduction: Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a refractory disease requiring joint replacement in young patients. Regenerative therapies have been developed. Areas covered: This study surveyed clinical trials on regenerative medicine for ONFH. We extracted clinical trials on non-traumatic ONFH from the websites of five publicly available major registries (EuropeanUnion Clinical Trials Register ([EU-CTR], ClinicalTrials.gov, Chinese ClinicalTrial Registry [ChiCTR], University Hospital Medical InformationNetwork - Clinical Trial Registry [UMIN-CTR] and Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry [ANZCTR]).The trials were classified into six categories based on purpose: surgical treatment, non-drug conservative treatment, conservative dr ...