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タイトル: Effects of Bisphenol A and Retinoic Acid Exposure on Neuron and Brain Formation: a Study in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells and Zebrafish Embryos著者: Nishie, Tomomi; Taya, Tomoki; Omori, Shunichi; Ueno, Kenya; Okamoto, Yoshinori; Higaki, Shogo; Oka, Marina; Mitsuishi, Yachiyo; Tanaka, Taiga; Nakamoto, Mana; Kawahara, Hideaki; Teraguchi, Natsuki; Kotaka, Tomoyuki; Sawabe, Misaki; Takahashi, Miu; Kitaike, Shoko; Wada, Minori; Iida, Keiko; Yamashita, Akihiro; Jinno, Hideto; Ichimura, Atsuhiko; Tooyama, Ikuo; Sakai, Noriyoshi; Hibi, Masahiko; Hirasawa, Akira; Takada, Tatsuyuki抄録: [Background] Developing human fetuses may be exposed to the chemical compound bisphenol A (BPA), and retinoic acid (RA) has been detected at low levels in water sources. RA signaling regulates key developmental genes and is essential for organ development, including the brain. We previously reported that RA/BPA coexposure of mouse embryonic stem cells potentiates RA signaling, which warra ...

タイトル: 属性別所得の記述的分析 --属性間の分布差異の可視化と寄与度分解--著者: 谷, 直起; 小俣, 喬尚; 林, 奈津美; 大野, 太郎抄録: 本稿では、1989年から2019年までの全国家計構造調査（旧全国消費実態調査）の個票データより23歳から59歳の課税前所得のデータを使用し、政府が対応する様々な属性間格差について、属性別所得分布のパーセンタイルごとの差異に着目した可視化と、属性間格差と属性内格差の寄与度分解を行う。分析の結果、都道府県間や産業間の格差の寄与率は数％程度である一方、非正規雇用者の所得分布が低所得層に大きく偏っており、就業形態間の格差が25％程度と大きな説明力を持つことを示す。更に、就業形態間の格差は40歳以上59歳以下で大きい傾向にあるが、39歳以下の世代でも就業形態間格差の寄与率は他 ...

タイトル: Plant ADH1 promoter acts as an H3K27me3-associated hyper-long cold-responsive promoter著者: Shimizu, Hanako; Nishio, Haruki; Kudoh, Hiroshi抄録: Detecting long-term environmental trends is a fundamental requirement for organisms living in fluctuating environments to optimize their physiological and developmental responses. This characteristic depends on long-term memory. However, whether gene promoters alone confer week-scale environmental responses (WERs) and the mechanisms governing the appearance of these responses at different levels of gene expression--including phenotype, protein, histone modification, and mRNA levels--remains unknown. Herein, we performed a genome-wide screening for WER promoters using 1-year-long time-series data of a repressive histone modification, H3K27me3, in the promoter region of Arabidopsis halleri growing in a natural population. We further analyzed the characteristics of the selected WER promoter using the promoter–reporter lines of ...

タイトル: NinjaSat monitoring of Type I X-ray bursts from the clocked burster SRGA J144459.2-604207著者: Takeda, Tomoshi; Tamagawa, Toru; Enoto, Teruaki; Kitaguchi, Takao; Kato, Yo; Mihara, Tatehiro; Iwakiri, Wataru; Numazawa, Masaki; Ota, Naoyuki; Watanabe, Sota; Jujo, Arata; Aoyama, Amira; Iwata, Satoko; Takahashi, Takuya; Yamasaki, Kaede; Hu, Chin-Ping; Takahashi, Hiromitsu; Dohi, Akira; Nishimura, Nobuya; Hirai, Ryosuke; Yoshida, Yuto; Sato, Hiroki; Hayashi, Syoki; Zhou, Yuanhui; Uchiyama, Keisuke; Odaka, Hirokazu; Tamba, Tsubasa; Taniguchi, Kentaro抄録: The CubeSat X-ray observatory NinjaSat was launched on 2023 November 11 and has provided opportunities for agile and flexible monitoring of bright X-ray sources. On 2024 February 23, the NinjaSat team started long-term observation of the new X-ray source SRGA J144459.2-604207 as the first scientific target, which was discovered on 2024 February 21 and recognized as the sixth clocked X-ray burster. Our 25-day observation cov ...

タイトル: Evidence of non-solar elemental composition in the clocked X-ray burster SRGA J144459.2-604207著者: Dohi, Akira; Nishimura, Nobuya; Hirai, Ryosuke; Takeda, Tomoshi; Iwakiri, Wataru; Tamagawa, Toru; Aoyama, Amira; Enoto, Teruaki; Iwata, Satoko; Kato, Yo; Kitaguchi, Takao; Mihara, Tatehiro; Ota, Naoyuki; Takahashi, Takuya; Watanabe, Sota; Yamasaki, Kaede抄録: In 2024 February and March, a series of many Type I X-ray bursts were observed from the accreting neutron star SRGA J144459.2−604207, which has been identified by multiple X-ray satellites, with the first reports coming from INTEGRAL and NinjaSat. These observations reveal that after exhibiting very regular behavior as a “clocked” burster, the peak luminosity of the SRGA J144459.2-604207 X-ray bursts shows a gradual decline. The observed light curves exhibit a short plateau feature, potentially with a double peak, followed by a rapid decay in the tail-features unlike those seen in previously observed clocked ...

タイトル: Unveiling yellow rust resistance in the near-Himalayan region: insights from a nested association mapping study著者: Jung, Katharina; Akiyama, Reiko; Nie, Jilu; Nitta, Miyuki; Hamaya, Naoto-Benjamin; Qureshi, Naeela; Bhavani, Sridhar; Wicker, Thomas; Keller, Beat; Kishii, Masahiro; Nasuda, Shuhei; Shimizu, Kentaro K.抄録: The global spread of yellow rust has posed a significant threat to wheat production, making the identification of novel resistance-conferring genetic loci crucial. The near-Himalayan region has been proposed as the pathogen's origin and is characterized by strong and diverse disease pressure. Even though this makes wheat varieties from this region likely to harbor resistance, Asian germplasm has been highly underrepresented in modern breeding. To explore this potential, we screened an Asian nested association mapping (NAM) population comprising traditional and modern wheat varieties under artificial epidemics in multiple field trials. Combined quanti ...

タイトル: Efficacy and safety of polyglycolic acid sheets for prevention of intra-abdominal infectious complications following minimally invasive surgery for gastric cancer: A prospective, multicenter, single-arm clinical trial著者: Hoshino, Nobuaki; Hisamori, Shigeo; Kanaya, Seiichiro; Hosogi, Hisahiro; Manaka, Dai; Kinjo, Yosuke; Matsuo, Koichi; Sakaguchi, Masazumi; Kondo, Masato; Nakanishi, Yasutaka; Yamamoto, Michihiro; Tanaka, Eiji; Toda, Kosuke; Abe, Hiroyasu; Nishigori, Tatsuto; Tsunoda, Shigeru; Obama, Kazutaka抄録: BACKGROUND: Serious intra-abdominal infectious complications are common after gastric cancer surgery, including anastomotic leakage, pancreatic fistula, and intra-abdominal abscess. Although polyglycolic acid sheets are often used to reinforce soft tissue and prevent postoperative complications in various types of surgery, including gastric cancer surgery, their effectiveness has not yet been fully demonstrated. METHODS: Patients with gastric cancer and no d ...

タイトル: Probing neuronal activity with genetically encoded calcium and voltage fluorescent indicators著者: Sakamoto, Masayuki; Yokoyama, Tatsushi抄録: Monitoring neural activity in individual neurons is crucial for understanding neural circuits and brain functions. The emergence of optical imaging technologies has dramatically transformed the field of neuroscience, enabling detailed observation of large-scale neuronal populations with both cellular and subcellular resolution. This transformation will be further accelerated by the integration of these imaging technologies and advanced big data analysis. Genetically encoded fluorescent indicators to detect neural activity with high signal-to-noise ratios are pivotal in this advancement. In recent years, these indicators have undergone significant developments, greatly enhancing the understanding of neural dynamics and networks. This review highlights the recent progress in genetically encoded calcium and voltage indicators and ...

タイトル: Integration test of biaxially rotational dynamic-radiation therapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma: Efficacy evaluation and dosimetric analysis著者: Hiraoka, Shinya; Hirashima, Hideaki; Nakamura, Mitsuhiro; Tanaka, Fumiya; Adachi, Hiroki; Ono, Yuka; Ono, Tomohiro; Nakashima, Ryota; Nakajima, Aya; Mizowaki, Takashi抄録: Background and Purpose: OXRAY is a new O-ring-shaped radiotherapy system delivering biaxially rotational dynamic-radiation therapy (BROAD-RT), a technique that enables non-coplanar volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) for large target volumes without requiring couch movement. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the benefits of BROAD-RT and to perform an integration test to confirm the plan deliverability and its accuracy from the treatment planning system to OXRAY for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods and Materials: We compared treatment plans for BROAD-RT and coplanar VMAT (COVMAT) created in RayStation for 15 patients with nasophar ...

タイトル: Diverse synaptic mechanisms underlying learning and memory consolidation著者: Murai, Yuki; Goto, Akihiro抄録: Memory consolidation is defined as the process by which labile short-term memories are stabilized and transformed into persistent long-term memories. This process relies heavily on synaptic plasticity, particularly long-term potentiation and depression (LTP and LTD, respectively), which have been extensively investigated in previous studies. The advent of optical tools that allow the observation and manipulation of LTP and LTD in vivo has advanced our understanding of their roles in learning and memory consolidation. In addition to LTP and LTD, recent research has indicated the presence of a more rapid plasticity mechanism, termed behavioral timescale synaptic plasticity (BTSP), which is crucial for encoding space and context. Sharp-wave ripples and sleep also play indispensable roles in memory consolidation, with some studies alternately linking them to LTP a ...