リンク集 RSS/ATOM 記事

タイトル: ヘリウム回収ガスバッグの油混入および流出の原因と対策著者: 西崎, 修司; 多田, 康平記述: 技術発表(総合技術研究会 2025筑波大学)

タイトル: Social Capital in Russia in the Period of Turbulence著者: Mizobata, Satoshi; Yokogawa, Kazuho; Gorshkov, Victor; Hayashi, Hiroaki; Anikin, Vasiliy抄録: This paper presents the results of a survey on social capital in Russia, conducted from December 2023 to January 2024. It represents the second round of research, following an initial survey conducted in early 2022. The survey's methodology for this round mirrors that of the first, with 1, 600 individuals from across Russia surveyed on their perceptions of social networks, levels of trust, civic engagement, and evaluations of government policies. Conducted nearly two years after the start of the military conflict with Ukraine and the imposition of economic sanctions by Western countries, this paper aims to assess how social capital has evolved during this turbulent period. The findings indicate that Russian social capital has remained relatively stable. Key characteristics include low generalized trust, high particular ...

タイトル: Oxygen isotope fractionation during anaerobic ammonium oxidation by the marine representative Candidatus Scalindua sp.著者: Kobayashi, Kanae; Nishina, Kazuya; Fukushima, Keitaro; Onishi, Yuji; Makabe, Akiko; Oshiki, Mamoru; Koba, Keisuke; Okabe, Satoshi抄録: Analysing the nitrogen (¹⁵ε) and oxygen (¹⁸ε) isotope effects of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) is essential for accurately assessing its potential contribution to fixed-N losses in the ocean, yet the ¹⁸ε of anammox remains unexplored. Here, we determined the previously unexplored ¹⁸ε of anammox using a highly enriched culture of the marine anammox species “Ca. Scalindua sp”. Because Scalindua significantly accelerated oxygen isotope exchange between NO₂⁻ and H₂O, we introduced a new rate constant for anammox-mediated oxygen isotope exchange (k[eq], [AMX] = 8.44 ~ 13.56 × 10⁻² h⁻¹), which is substantially faster than abiotic oxygen isotope exchange (k[eq], [abio ...

タイトル: Effects of Bisphenol A and Retinoic Acid Exposure on Neuron and Brain Formation: a Study in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells and Zebrafish Embryos著者: Nishie, Tomomi; Taya, Tomoki; Omori, Shunichi; Ueno, Kenya; Okamoto, Yoshinori; Higaki, Shogo; Oka, Marina; Mitsuishi, Yachiyo; Tanaka, Taiga; Nakamoto, Mana; Kawahara, Hideaki; Teraguchi, Natsuki; Kotaka, Tomoyuki; Sawabe, Misaki; Takahashi, Miu; Kitaike, Shoko; Wada, Minori; Iida, Keiko; Yamashita, Akihiro; Jinno, Hideto; Ichimura, Atsuhiko; Tooyama, Ikuo; Sakai, Noriyoshi; Hibi, Masahiko; Hirasawa, Akira; Takada, Tatsuyuki抄録: [Background] Developing human fetuses may be exposed to the chemical compound bisphenol A (BPA), and retinoic acid (RA) has been detected at low levels in water sources. RA signaling regulates key developmental genes and is essential for organ development, including the brain. We previously reported that RA/BPA coexposure of mouse embryonic stem cells potentiates RA signaling, which warra ...

タイトル: 属性別所得の記述的分析 --属性間の分布差異の可視化と寄与度分解--著者: 谷, 直起; 小俣, 喬尚; 林, 奈津美; 大野, 太郎抄録: 本稿では、1989年から2019年までの全国家計構造調査（旧全国消費実態調査）の個票データより23歳から59歳の課税前所得のデータを使用し、政府が対応する様々な属性間格差について、属性別所得分布のパーセンタイルごとの差異に着目した可視化と、属性間格差と属性内格差の寄与度分解を行う。分析の結果、都道府県間や産業間の格差の寄与率は数％程度である一方、非正規雇用者の所得分布が低所得層に大きく偏っており、就業形態間の格差が25％程度と大きな説明力を持つことを示す。更に、就業形態間の格差は40歳以上59歳以下で大きい傾向にあるが、39歳以下の世代でも就業形態間格差の寄与率は他 ...

タイトル: Plant ADH1 promoter acts as an H3K27me3-associated hyper-long cold-responsive promoter著者: Shimizu, Hanako; Nishio, Haruki; Kudoh, Hiroshi抄録: Detecting long-term environmental trends is a fundamental requirement for organisms living in fluctuating environments to optimize their physiological and developmental responses. This characteristic depends on long-term memory. However, whether gene promoters alone confer week-scale environmental responses (WERs) and the mechanisms governing the appearance of these responses at different levels of gene expression--including phenotype, protein, histone modification, and mRNA levels--remains unknown. Herein, we performed a genome-wide screening for WER promoters using 1-year-long time-series data of a repressive histone modification, H3K27me3, in the promoter region of Arabidopsis halleri growing in a natural population. We further analyzed the characteristics of the selected WER promoter using the promoter–reporter lines of ...

タイトル: NinjaSat monitoring of Type I X-ray bursts from the clocked burster SRGA J144459.2-604207著者: Takeda, Tomoshi; Tamagawa, Toru; Enoto, Teruaki; Kitaguchi, Takao; Kato, Yo; Mihara, Tatehiro; Iwakiri, Wataru; Numazawa, Masaki; Ota, Naoyuki; Watanabe, Sota; Jujo, Arata; Aoyama, Amira; Iwata, Satoko; Takahashi, Takuya; Yamasaki, Kaede; Hu, Chin-Ping; Takahashi, Hiromitsu; Dohi, Akira; Nishimura, Nobuya; Hirai, Ryosuke; Yoshida, Yuto; Sato, Hiroki; Hayashi, Syoki; Zhou, Yuanhui; Uchiyama, Keisuke; Odaka, Hirokazu; Tamba, Tsubasa; Taniguchi, Kentaro抄録: The CubeSat X-ray observatory NinjaSat was launched on 2023 November 11 and has provided opportunities for agile and flexible monitoring of bright X-ray sources. On 2024 February 23, the NinjaSat team started long-term observation of the new X-ray source SRGA J144459.2-604207 as the first scientific target, which was discovered on 2024 February 21 and recognized as the sixth clocked X-ray burster. Our 25-day observation cov ...

タイトル: Evidence of non-solar elemental composition in the clocked X-ray burster SRGA J144459.2-604207著者: Dohi, Akira; Nishimura, Nobuya; Hirai, Ryosuke; Takeda, Tomoshi; Iwakiri, Wataru; Tamagawa, Toru; Aoyama, Amira; Enoto, Teruaki; Iwata, Satoko; Kato, Yo; Kitaguchi, Takao; Mihara, Tatehiro; Ota, Naoyuki; Takahashi, Takuya; Watanabe, Sota; Yamasaki, Kaede抄録: In 2024 February and March, a series of many Type I X-ray bursts were observed from the accreting neutron star SRGA J144459.2−604207, which has been identified by multiple X-ray satellites, with the first reports coming from INTEGRAL and NinjaSat. These observations reveal that after exhibiting very regular behavior as a “clocked” burster, the peak luminosity of the SRGA J144459.2-604207 X-ray bursts shows a gradual decline. The observed light curves exhibit a short plateau feature, potentially with a double peak, followed by a rapid decay in the tail-features unlike those seen in previously observed clocked ...

タイトル: Unveiling yellow rust resistance in the near-Himalayan region: insights from a nested association mapping study著者: Jung, Katharina; Akiyama, Reiko; Nie, Jilu; Nitta, Miyuki; Hamaya, Naoto-Benjamin; Qureshi, Naeela; Bhavani, Sridhar; Wicker, Thomas; Keller, Beat; Kishii, Masahiro; Nasuda, Shuhei; Shimizu, Kentaro K.抄録: The global spread of yellow rust has posed a significant threat to wheat production, making the identification of novel resistance-conferring genetic loci crucial. The near-Himalayan region has been proposed as the pathogen's origin and is characterized by strong and diverse disease pressure. Even though this makes wheat varieties from this region likely to harbor resistance, Asian germplasm has been highly underrepresented in modern breeding. To explore this potential, we screened an Asian nested association mapping (NAM) population comprising traditional and modern wheat varieties under artificial epidemics in multiple field trials. Combined quanti ...

タイトル: Efficacy and safety of polyglycolic acid sheets for prevention of intra-abdominal infectious complications following minimally invasive surgery for gastric cancer: A prospective, multicenter, single-arm clinical trial著者: Hoshino, Nobuaki; Hisamori, Shigeo; Kanaya, Seiichiro; Hosogi, Hisahiro; Manaka, Dai; Kinjo, Yosuke; Matsuo, Koichi; Sakaguchi, Masazumi; Kondo, Masato; Nakanishi, Yasutaka; Yamamoto, Michihiro; Tanaka, Eiji; Toda, Kosuke; Abe, Hiroyasu; Nishigori, Tatsuto; Tsunoda, Shigeru; Obama, Kazutaka抄録: BACKGROUND: Serious intra-abdominal infectious complications are common after gastric cancer surgery, including anastomotic leakage, pancreatic fistula, and intra-abdominal abscess. Although polyglycolic acid sheets are often used to reinforce soft tissue and prevent postoperative complications in various types of surgery, including gastric cancer surgery, their effectiveness has not yet been fully demonstrated. METHODS: Patients with gastric cancer and no d ...